Breast cancer is a major health concern worldwide, affecting millions of women each year. Understanding the risk factors associated with breast cancer can help you take proactive steps in reducing your risk and detecting any potential issues early. In this short guide, we’ll cover the different types of risk factors, healthy habits to reduce your risk, and the importance of early detection. Genetic vs. Lifestyle Risk Factors One of the most important steps in understanding your breast cancer risk is recognising the difference between genetic and lifestyle risk factors. Genetic factors Certain inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. If you have a family history of breast cancer, particularly at a young age, it may be worth discussing genetic testing with your doctor. Mutations in the BRCA genes can increase your lifetime risk of developing breast cancer by more than 60%. Lifestyle factors Lifestyle choices also play a large role in breast cancer risk. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and a diet high in processed foods have been linked to an increased risk. While you can’t control your genetic makeup, you can make changes in your daily habits to reduce your overall risk. Healthy Habits to Reduce Breast Cancer Risk Making small changes in your everyday routine can have a large impact on reducing your breast cancer risk. Here are a few key habits to focus on: Healthy diet Focus on a whole foods, plant-based diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and lean proteins. Try to limit processed and sugary foods as much as possible. Some studies suggest that a Mediterranean diet, high in healthy fats from sources like olive oil and fish, may lower breast cancer risk. Regular exercise Staying physically active helps with weight management and reduces the risk of breast cancer. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise each week. Activities like walking, swimming, or yoga are excellent options. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake Both smoking and alcohol consumption have been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. If you smoke, consider quitting, and limit your alcohol intake to one drink per day or less. Manage stress There is growing evidence that stress may be linked to cancer risk. Incorporating stress-reducing activities like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or hobbies can have a positive impact on your overall health. Which Exams to Schedule and When Early detection of breast cancer can save lives. The sooner cancer is identified, the more options you have for treatment and management. Here’s a breakdown of essential exams to consider: Mammograms – Mammograms are the gold standard for breast cancer screening. Women aged 40 to 49 should talk to their doctor about when to start getting regular mammograms. Women aged 50 to 74 should have a mammogram every two years. If you’re at a higher risk, your doctor may recommend starting earlier and screening more frequently. Self breast exams – Performing regular self-breast exams can help you become familiar with the normal feel of your breasts, making it easier to detect changes. The key is consistency—aim to perform a self-exam once a month. Clinical breast exams – In addition to self-exams, schedule regular clinical breast exams with your healthcare provider. These exams are often done as part of your routine check-up and can catch lumps or abnormalities that you may miss on your own. Myth Busting. Some people believe that breast exams are only necessary if you feel a lump. In reality, regular exams can help detect issues long before a lump forms, increasing the chances of successful treatment. Personal Risk Assessment A breast cancer risk assessment takes multiple factors into account, helping you and your healthcare provider understand your likelihood of developing the disease. Here’s what’s included: Risk Assessment Tools Tools like the Gail Model or the Tyrer-Cuzick model can help estimate your risk based on personal and family history. These tools take into consideration factors such as: Age Family history of breast cancer History of abnormal breast biopsies Ethnicity Lifestyle habits, including diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking What If You’re at High Risk? If you’re determined to be at high risk, your doctor may suggest preventive strategies like more frequent screenings, lifestyle modifications, or even medication to lower your risk. In some cases, preventive surgeries, like a mastectomy, may be considered. Understanding your breast cancer risk is the first step in prevention and early detection. While genetic factors may be beyond your control, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and staying on top of regular screenings can significantly reduce your risk. Assess your personal risk, adopt healthy habits, and take control of your breast health today. This was published in support of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, aiming to raise awareness about breast cancer risk factors, prevention strategies, and the importance of early detection. Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog post is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical diagnosis, treatment, or advice. Always consult your General Practitioner (GP) or a qualified healthcare professional before making any decisions regarding your health or if you have any concerns about breast cancer risk or prevention strategies.
